Theorie
- Erstellen von Validierungsregeln - jedes Dokument in DB bekommt fixe Anforderung
BSON-Datenformat
- binäres Datenformat
- kann im Vergleich zu JSON schneller von MongoDB Datenbank verarbeitet werden
- speichern Daten in Form von Key-Value Paaren
Keywords-Schema
#region_Basic_Commands
bsonType = "..." // Beschreibung Eigenschaften-Typ
required = "[..., ..., ...]" // Beschreibung zwingende Eigenschaften
additionalProperties = true // erlaubt Hinzufügen weiterer Eigenschaften
properties: {...} // hereinschreiben de Eigenschaften
minLength: ... // minimale Eingabelänge
maxLength: ... // maximale Eingabelänge
minimum: ... // ... ist die niedrigste Zahl
maximum: ... // ... ist die höchste Zahl
#region_Enum // Auswahlliste - eines kann ausgewählt werden
...
properties: {
bookingstate:{
enum: ["bezahlt", "offen", "storniert"]
}
}
#region_Array
bsonType = "array", // anstatt "properties" - "items"
minItems: 1, // minimale Anzahl
maxItems: 5, // maximale Anzahl
uniqueItems: true, // vermeiden von Redundanzen
items: {
bsonType: "...",
required: ["...", "..."],
additionalproperties: false,
properties: {
...
}
}Validation-Rules
// Kollektion erstellen - level: strikt; fehlertyp: error
db.createCollection(
"example",
{
validationLevel: "strict",
validationAction: "error",
validator: {
$jsonSchema:
// Dokumentbeschreibung - first_name, last_name, cities - FIX
{
bsonType: "object",
required: ["first_name", "last_name", "cities"],
additionalProperties: true,
properties: {
first_name : {
bsonType: "string",
maxLength: 50
},
last_name : {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 3,
maxLength: 50
},
email : {
bsonType: "string",
maxLength: 50
},
// cities - benötigt zipcode, city - keine weiteren Eigenschaften
cities : {
bsonType : "object",
required : ["zipcode", "city"],
additionalProperties : false,
properties : {
zipcode : {
bsonType : "string",
maxLength : 4
},
city : {
bsonType : "string",
maxLength: 50
}
}
},
courses : {
bsonType : "array",
additionalProperties : false,
items : {
bsonType : "object",
required : ["course", "subject", "price"],
additionalProperties : true,
properties : {
course : {
bsonType : "string",
minLength : 1,
maxLength : 8
},
subject : {
enum : ["Mathematik", "Deutsch", "Englisch", "Fachbereich", "Webdesign"]
},
price : {
bsonType : "int",
minimum : 0,
maximum : 999
},
bookingstate : {
enum : ["bezahlt", "offen", "storniert"]
},
grade : {
enum : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
},
course_year : {
bsonType : "int",
minimum : 2000,
maximum : 3000
}
}
}
}
}
}
Code-Example-Kursverwaltung:
// SCHEMADEFINITION
db.createCollection(
"Participant", {
validationLevel: "strict",
validationAction: "error",
validator: {
$jsonSchema: {
bsonType: "object",
required: ["first_name", "last_name", "cities"],
additionalProperties: true,
properties: {
first_name : {
bsonType: "string",
maxLength: 50
},
last_name : {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 3,
maxLength: 50
},
email : {
bsonType: "string",
maxLength: 50
},
cities : {
bsonType : "object",
required : ["zipcode", "city"],
additionalProperties : false,
properties : {
zipcode : {
bsonType : "string",
maxLength : 4
},
city : {
bsonType : "string",
maxLength: 50
}
}
},
courses : {
bsonType : "array",
additionalProperties : false,
items : {
bsonType : "object",
required : ["course", "subject", "price"],
additionalProperties : true,
properties : {
course : {
bsonType : "string",
minLength : 1,
maxLength : 8
},
subject : {
enum : ["Mathematik", "Deutsch", "Englisch", "Fachbereich", "Webdesign"]
},
price : {
bsonType : "int",
minimum : 0,
maximum : 999
},
bookingstate : {
enum : ["bezahlt", "offen", "storniert"]
},
grade : {
enum : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
},
course_year : {
bsonType : "int",
minimum : 2000,
maximum : 3000
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
);Code-Example-KaffeeShop
// auswahlliste: Sorte: Enum
db;
show dbs;
use insy_3chit;
show collections;
db.coffee.drop();
db.coffee.find();
// SCHEMA
db.createCollection("coffee", {
// braucht Typdefinition
validationLevel: "strict",
// Error bei Validationsfehler
validationAction: "error",
validator: {
$jsonSchema: {
bsonType: "object",
// Zuweisung des Titels "Kaffeshop" für das Dokument
title: "Kaffeeshop",
required: ["article", "price", "amount", "sort"],
additionalProperties: true,
properties: {
article: {
bsonType: "string",
description: "Artikel",
maxLength: 50
},
price: {
bsonType: "double",
description: "Verkaufspreis",
// Wert anstatt: minLength/maxLength
minimum: 0,
maximum: 999.99
},
amount: {
bsonType: "int",
minimum: 0
},
sort: {
bsonType: "string",
enum: ["Bohnenkaffee", "Espresso", "Pulverkaffee", "Schonkaffee", "Americano"]
},
producer: {
bsonType: "object",
required: ["name", "city", "zipcode"],
additionalProperties: false,
properties: {
name: {
enum: ["Dallmayr", "Tchibo", "Cellini", "Hochland"],
},
city: {
bsonType: "string",
maxLength: 50
},
zipcode: {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 4,
maxLength: 5
}
}
},
tastes: {
// array - weil im Kaffee mehrere Geschmäcker besitzt
bsonType: "array",
additionalProperties: false,
uniqueItems: true,
items: {
// bei bsonType hätte man ein leeres Objekt - leere Aufzählliste
bsonType: "object",
additionalProperties: false,
required: ["taste"],
properties: {
taste: {
enum: ["cremig", "mild", "vollmundig"]
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
})
// Datensätze
db.coffee.insertOne(
{
article: "Espresso dOro",
price: 7.30,
amount: 10,
sort: "Espresso",
producer: {
name: "Dallmayr",
zipcode: "80331",
city: "München"
},
// Array mit Objekten
tastes: [
{taste: "vollmundig"},
{taste: "mild"}
]
});
db.coffee.insertOne(
{
article: "Beste Bohne",
price: 5.30,
amount: 45,
sort: "Bohnenkaffee",
producer: {
name: "Dallmayr",
zipcode: "80331",
city: "München"
}
});Code-Example-MongoDB(Teil 1) - Teams
use insy_3chit;
// 4.1 / Collection - Schema
db.createCollection(
"projects",
{
validationLevel: "strict",
validationAction: "error",
validator: {
$jsonSchema: {
// PROJEKT
bsonType: "object",
title: "Projects",
required: ["title", "projectBegin", "type", "state"],
additionalProperties: true,
properties: {
_id: { },
title: {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 3,
maxLength: 50
},
type: {
enum: ["request", "research", "management"]
},
state: {
enum: ["created", "in_approvement", "approved"]
},
description: {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 0,
maxLength: 4000
},
projectBegin: {
bsonType: "date"
},
isFWFSponsored: {
bsonType: "bool"
},
isFFGSponsored: {
bsonType: "bool"
},
isEUSponsored: {
bsonType: "bool"
},
isSmallProject: {
bsonType: "bool"
},
// SUBPROJECTS
subprojects: {
bsonType: "array",
additionalProperties: false,
uniqueItems: true,
items: {
bsonType: "object",
required: ["title"],
additionalProperties: false,
properties: {
title: {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 3,
maxLength: 100
},
description: {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 0,
maxLength: 4000
},
appliedResearch: {
bsonType: "int",
minimum: 0,
maximum: 100
},
theoreticalResearch: {
bsonType: "int",
minimum: 0,
maximum: 100
},
focusResearch: {
bsonType: "int",
minimum: 0,
maximum: 100
}
}
}
},
// FACILITIES
facilities: {
bsonType: "object",
required: ["name", "code"],
additionalProperties: false,
properties: {
name: {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 3,
maxLength: 100
},
code: {
bsonType: "string"
}
}
},
// DEBITORS
debitors: {
bsonType: "object",
required: ["name"],
additionalProperties: false,
properties: {
name: {
bsonType: "string",
minLength: 5,
maxLength: 100
},
description: {
bsonType: "string"
}
}
}
}
}
}
});
db.projects.drop();
// 4.1 / Insert-Statements
db.projects.insertMany([
{
title: "Projekt-Testübung",
type: "request",
state: "created",
projectBegin: ISODate("2023-06-13"),
isFWFSponsored: false,
subprojects: [{ title: "Test", focusResearch: 50 }]
},
{
title: "INSY Projekt 1",
type: "management",
state: "approved",
projectBegin: ISODate("2023-04-26"),
isFWFSponsored: true
},
{
title: "INSY Projekt 2",
type: "research",
state: "in_approvement",
projectBegin: ISODate("2022-03-27"),
isEUSponsored: true,
subprojects: [
{ title: "Subprojekt 1", focusResearch: 100, appliedResearch: 30 },
{ title: "Subprojekt 2", theoreticalResearch: 80 },
{ title: "Subprojekt 3", theoreticalResearch: 80, appliedResearch: 10 }
],
debitors: {
name: "Person 1",
description: "Person"
},
debitors: {
name: "Person 2",
description: "Person"
},
debitors: {
name: "Person 3",
description: "Person"
}
},
{
title: "INSY Projekt 3",
type: "research",
state: "approved",
facilities: {
name: "facility 1",
code: "123"
},
facilities: {
name: "facility 2",
code: "234"
},
facilities: {
name: "facility 3",
code: "345"
},
facilities: {
name: "facility 4",
code: "456"
},
facilities: {
name: "facility 5",
code: "567"
},
subprojects: [
{ title: "Subprojekt 4", theoreticalResearch: 40 },
{ title: "Subprojekt 5", appliedResearch: 10 }
],
debitors: {
name: "Person 4",
description: "Person"
},
debitors: {
name: "Person 5",
description: "Person"
},
projectBegin: ISODate("2023-02-03"),
isFFGSponsored: false
},
{
title: "INSY Projekt 4",
type: "request",
state: "in_approvement",
projectBegin: ISODate("2022-08-09"),
isFWFSponsored: false
}
]);
db.projects.find();
// 4.1 / Dokumente bearbeiten
// 1/
db.projects.updateMany({}, [
{
$set: {projectEnd: 2020-01-01}
},
{
$set: {rating: 5}
},
{
$set: {partners: ["TU Wien"]}
}
]);
db.projects.find();
// 2/
db.projects.updateMany({type: "request"},
{
$set: {isEUSponsored: true}
});
// 3/
db.projects.updateMany({},
{
$rename: {rating: "projectRating"}
});
db.projects.find();
// 4/
db.projects.updateMany({},
{
$addToSet: {partners: "HTL Krems"},
$addToSet: {partners: "TU Graz"}
});
db.projects.updateMany({},
{
$pull: {partners: "HTL Krems"}
});
db.projects.find();